Abstract: Background: This paper aimed at answering two specific questions: does breastfeeding reduce the occurrence of ARIs, Fever and Diarrhea in children who are breastfeeding; and is the occurrence of these common childhood diseases affected by duration (period) of breastfeeding? Data source and Method: Secondary analysis of the 2013 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) was applied by using the children recode dataset (ZMKR6 I FL). Analysis was done at three levels: Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate (Binary and Multinomial Logistics regressions). Results: Results in this paper show that breastfeeding does not protect children against Diarrhea (OR I .3; I . I - I .4) but does so against Fever and ARIs (OR 0.9; 0.8- I .0). Children whose mothers were employed were more likely to suffer from all the three disease outcomes compared to those not employed (OR Diarrhea I .2; Fever I .5; ARIs I .2). Conclusion: Diarrhea seems to be more pronounced in children who are breastfeeding than those not breastfeeding, especially those breastfed beyond 6 months. Keywords: ARIs, Breastfeeding, Children, Diarrhea, Fever, Zambia